choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... cognitive, social learning analysis allows the possibility of the self as agent in the definition of contingencies, the imposition of goals and standards, and the definition and administration of rewards ...

... ... ... blind(s) judge(s) control(s) brain(s) craft(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... rewards often distract attention from the process of task activity to the product of getting a reward, thus undermining the development of basic skills ... -- ... the degree of active self-involvement is substantially less inder the extrinsic context ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... the child is neither passive nor chaotic but rather possesses adequate, per-formed motivation to act and the cognitive competence to observe and comprehend the consequences of action(s) ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... the less powerful or salient the extrinsic constraints employed to induce children to comply with an adult's prohibition of a particular activity, the more likely they are to show subsequent internalization of that prohibition in their attitudes towards that prohibition ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... a potentially critical difference between intrinsically and extrinsically motivated behavior lies in a person's degree of perceived control over the criteria that guide engagement in an activity ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


[...]: ... the imposition of a temporal deadline on the performance of adult subjects on an inherently interesting task can decrease subsequent motivation to engage in this task in the absence of extrinsic constraints ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... incentives will have a detrimental effect ... -- ... when the task is interesting enough for subjects that the offer of incentives is a superfluous source of motivation ... -- ... when the solution to the task is open-ended enough that the steps leading to the solution are not immediately obvious ... -- ... this reduces the requirement that the task be inherently attractive and have a heuristic solution ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... we thus come to experience our moral lives as ongoing struggles to develop and preserve purity of reason and strength of will in the face of constant pressures that arise from our embodyment in the world ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) control(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... task(s) ... -- attractive / heuristic -- ... reward's detrimental effects are probably as widespread as its benefits ... -- ... if this is so, psychology is certainly late in announcing this fact to parents, teachers, and businessmen, who would certainly like to know it ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


feature(s) of morality
  • obligations to perform or refrain from actions
  • denies possibility of conflict among our obligations
  • gives rise to blame, guilt, and self-reproach

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... token economy ... a relatively recent phenomenon ... -- ... attempt(s) to modify complex social behavior through the creation of an artificial economy, in which tangible rewards or privileges are made explicitly contingent upon demonstrable increases in approproate behavior patterns ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


form(s) of competency -- mastery & control / act in the world / outcomes
  • exploratory learning -- direct experience
  • observational learning -- modeling
  • linguistic learning -- most advanced / dependent on acquired skills

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... assuming that moral goals are goals whose consumption is circumstantially contingent, it becomes understandable why induction is superior to both power assertion and love withdrawal as an instrument of internalization ... -- ... induction must explicitly spell out to the child what specific acts signify the implementation of larger moral goals ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... moral deliberation ... -- ... expansive, imaginative inquiry into possibilities for enhancing the quality of our communally shared experience ... -- ... imaginative exploration and transformation of experience ... -- ... instead of ... fixed rules ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... traditional rationalist theory ... -- ... law induces or restraints, by virtue of the force of reason ... -- ... we are moral insofar as we bring our willpower under the constraint of such universal law, and thereby exert force and control over our bodily actions ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... we should worry less about whether our children are motivated to learn, in both the home and the school, and worry more about what kind of a world we are making available to them to learn about ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


[George Eliot]: ... to lace ourselves up in formulas (of maxims) is to repress all the divine ... inspirations that spring from growing insight & sympathy ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... metaphor is pervasive in our moral deliberation ... it cannot be reasonably exluded from our reasoning ... it is, in fact, the chief means by which we are able to imagine possibilities for resolving moral conflicts, to criticize our values and institutions, and to transform ourselves and our situations ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... moral reasoning is basically an imaginative activity -- it gives the kind of guidance that comes from moral understanding, insight & empathy ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... intrinsic motivation underlies an ongoing cyclical pattern in which people seek out and conquer challenges that are optimal for their capacities ... -- ... competence & selef-determination ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... experience is synthetic all the way down, and narrative is our most comprehensive form of synthetic understanding ... -- ... only within a narrative context can we fully understand moral personality (the self) and its actions ... -- ... the unity of the self and its acts is, in the broadest context, a narrative unity ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... we exist as complex, self-transforming biological organisms in interaction with our physical, interpersonal, and cultural environment ... -- ... although most of these interactions occur beneath the level of self-conscious awareness, they are the basis of our inhabiting a world that is at once physical, social, and cultural ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


narrative metaphor(s) -- story / guide(s) / pattern(s)

  • source, path, goal -- movement(s) in space & time
  • goals, motives, agents, contexts, interactions, existence ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... self-determined reward procedures may eliminate the detrimental effects of equivalent externally imposed procedures ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


token programs -- persistent and general behavior change

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... rewards have a controlling aspect -- that controls and regiments behavior -- ... and an informational aspect -- that conveys positive or negative information about a person's competence & self-determination ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


[Liverant & Scodel]: ... internals take more moderate risks and show greater tendency towards self-regulation with regard to objective probability ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


[John Dewey]: ... rules are practical: they are habitual ways of doing things ... -- ... but principles are intellectual: they are the final methods used in judging suggested courses of action ...

... ... ... blind(s) judge(s) control(s) brain(s) craft(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


[JamesColeman]: ... self-concept and a feeling of control account for more variance in performance in school than any other family background or school characteristic ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... moral deliberation ... -- ... an activity of self-understanding, critical self-reflection, and self-formation ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... our imaginative rationality is the chief means we have for dealing critically, creatively, and sensitively with the novel situations that arise for us each day ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... the most important characteristics to be developed in children during the period from birth to maturity are skills that allow the choldren to actively manipulate and control the world around them and themselves within it ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... people in our society have lost much of their sense of inner direction, there is wide-spread alienation, and people seem to be striving unendingly for more status, power, and wealth that they realistically need ... -- ... substitute needs that develop as replacements needs when people lose touch with the intrinsic satisfaction of competence and self-determination ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... however much (these) people may disagree about the source of moral principles, they all agree that living morally is principally a matter of moral insight, and not the ultimate moral rules combined with strength of will to do the right thing that is required by those rules ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... well-learned skills arestable or relatively so, and the attention-diverting effects of rewards should be less disruptive than for less stable sequences of action ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... fundamental role of imagination in moral reasoning -- ... our moral understanding depends in large measure on various structures of imagination: such as images, image schemas, metaphors, narratives, and so forth ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... imposition of strict adult surveillance over a child's engagement in an activity of initial interest can produce a decrease in subsequent interest in the activity in the absecne of surveillance ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... principal task -- not the formulation of moral laws but the cultivation of moral imagination ...

experiment knowledge illusion scratch engine craft maze run ar x

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / moral imagination(s)

norm(s) utopia rule(s) ethic(s) answer(s) failure(s)


* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ

choice -- payoff(s) / challenge(s) / game(s) / math(s) / plan(s)

* _ .. -- @ media / idea(s) / change(s) / theme(s) ? [:/] _


education(s) question(s) moral(s) rethoric(s)


... high value on the creativity, spontaneity, and vitality that are involved with intrinsic motivation ... -- ... others find such concerns to be frivolous and annoying ... -- ... our values are different, so we judge importance of intrinsic motivation differently ...

... ... ... brain(s) engine(s) script(s) create(s) narrative(s) impact(s) closure(s) ... ... ...

life(s) / closure(s) / reflect(s) / fight(s) / cost(s) of reward(s)

* - play / social(s) / machine(s) / method(s) / cycle(s) # ! @ Æ