<?php
/*
########################################################################                                        
Copyright 2007, Michael Schrenk                                                                                 
   This software is designed for use with the book,                                                             
   "Webbots, Spiders, and Screen Scarpers", Michael Schrenk, 2007 No Starch Press, San Francisco CA             
                                                                                                                
W3CŽ SOFTWARE NOTICE AND LICENSE                                                                                
                                                                                                                
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      or derivative work.                                                                                       
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########################################################################                                        
*/

########################################################################
#                                                                       
# LIB_parse.php     Parse Routines                                      
#                                                                       
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
# FUNCTIONS                                                             
#                                                                       
#    split_string()   Returns the portion of a string either before     
#                     or after a delineator. The returned string may    
#                     or may not include the delineator.                
#                                                                       
#    return_between() Returns the portion of a string that falls        
#                     between two delineators, exclusive or inclusive   
#                     of the delineators.                               
#                                                                       
#    parse_array()    Returns an array containing all occurrences of    
#                     text that falls between a set of delineators.     
#                                                                       
#    get_attribute()  Returns the value of a HTML tag attribute         
#                                                                       
#    remove()         Removes all occurrences of a string from          
#                     another string.                                   
#                                                                       
#    tidy_html()      Puts raw HTML into a known state with proper      
#                     with parsable syntax                               
#                                                                       
########################################################################

/***********************************************************************
Parse Constants (scope = global)                                        
----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
# Specifies if parse includes the delineator
define("EXCL", true);
define("INCL", false);
# Specifies if parse returns the text before or after the delineator
define("BEFORE", true);
define("AFTER", false);    

/***********************************************************************
split_string($string, $delineator, $desired, $type)                
-------------------------------------------------------------            
DESCRIPTION:                                                             
        Returns a potion of the string that is either before or after    
        the delineator. The parse is not case sensitive, but the case of
        the parsed string is not effected.								
INPUT:                                                                    
        $string         Input string to parse                            
        $delineator     Delineation point (place where split occurs)    
        $desired        BEFORE: return portion before delineator        
                        AFTER:  return portion before delineator        
        $type           INCL: include delineator in parsed string    
                        EXCL: exclude delineator in parsed string    
***********************************************************************/
function split_string($string, $delineator, $desired, $type)
    {
    # Case insensitive parse, convert string and delineator to lower case
    $lc_str = strtolower($string);
	$marker = strtolower($delineator);
    
    # Return text BEFORE the delineator
    if($desired == BEFORE)
        {
        if($type == EXCL)  // Return text ESCL of the delineator
            $split_here = strpos($lc_str, $marker);
        else               // Return text INCL of the delineator
            $split_here = strpos($lc_str, $marker)+strlen($marker);
        
        $parsed_string = substr($string, 0, $split_here);
        }
    # Return text AFTER the delineator
    else
        {
        if($type==EXCL)    // Return text ESCL of the delineator
            $split_here = strpos($lc_str, $marker) + strlen($marker);
        else               // Return text INCL of the delineator
            $split_here = strpos($lc_str, $marker) ;
        
        $parsed_string =  substr($string, $split_here, strlen($string));
        }
    return $parsed_string;
    }

/***********************************************************************
$value = return_between($string, $start, $end, $type)                   
-------------------------------------------------------------           
DESCRIPTION:                                                            
        Returns a substring of $string delineated by $start and $end    
        The parse is not case sensitive, but the case of the parsed     
        string is not effected.                                         
INPUT:                                                                  
        $string         Input string to parse                           
        $start          Defines the beginning of the sub string         
        $end            Defines the end of the sub string               
        $type           INCL: include delineators in parsed string      
                        EXCL: exclude delineators in parsed string      
***********************************************************************/
function return_between($string, $start, $stop, $type)
    {
    $temp = split_string($string, $start, AFTER, $type);
    return split_string($temp, $stop, BEFORE, $type);
    }

/***********************************************************************
$array = parse_array($string, $open_tag, $close_tag)                    
-------------------------------------------------------------           
DESCRIPTION:                                                            
        Returns an array of strings that exists repeatedly in $string.  
        This function is usful for returning an array that contains     
        links, images, tables or any other data that appears more than  
        once.                                                           
INPUT:                                                                  
        $string     String that contains the tags                       
        $open_tag   Name of the open tag (i.e. "<a>")                   
        $close_tag  Name of the closing tag (i.e. "</title>")           
                                                                        
***********************************************************************/
function parse_array($string, $beg_tag, $close_tag)
    {
    preg_match_all("($beg_tag(.*)$close_tag)siU", $string, $matching_data);
    return $matching_data[0];
    }

/***********************************************************************
$value = get_attribute($tag, $attribute)                                
-------------------------------------------------------------           
DESCRIPTION:                                                            
        Returns the value of an attribute in a given tag.               
INPUT:                                                                  
        $tag         The tag that contains the attribute                
        $attribute   The name of the attribute, whose value you seek    
                                                                        
***********************************************************************/
function get_attribute($tag, $attribute)
    {
    # Use Tidy library to 'clean' input
    $cleaned_html = tidy_html($tag);
    
    # Remove all line feeds from the string
    $cleaned_html = str_replace("\r", "", $cleaned_html);   
    $cleaned_html = str_replace("\n", "", $cleaned_html);
    
    # Use return_between() to find the properly quoted value for the attribute
    return return_between($cleaned_html, strtoupper($attribute)."=\"", "\"", EXCL);
    }

/***********************************************************************
remove($string, $open_tag, $close_tag)                                  
-------------------------------------------------------------           
DESCRIPTION:                                                            
        Removes all text between $open_tag and $close_tag               
INPUT:                                                                  
        $string     The target of your parse                            
        $open_tag   The starting delimitor                              
        $close_tag  The ending delimitor                                
                                                                        
***********************************************************************/
function remove($string, $open_tag, $close_tag)
    {
    # Get array of things that should be removed from the input string
    $remove_array = parse_array($string, $open_tag, $close_tag);
    
    # Remove each occurrence of each array element from string;
    for($xx=0; $xx<count($remove_array); $xx++)
        $string = str_replace($remove_array, "", $string);
    
    return $string;
    }

/***********************************************************************
tidy_html($input_string)                                                
-------------------------------------------------------------           
DESCRIPTION:                                                            
        Returns a "Cleans-up" (parsable) version raw HTML               
INPUT:                                                                  
        $string     raw HTML                                            
                                                                        
OUTPUT:                                                                 
        Returns a string of cleaned-up HTML                             
***********************************************************************/
function tidy_html($input_string)
    {
    // Detect if Tidy is in configured
    if( function_exists('tidy_get_release') )
        {
        # Tidy for PHP version 4
        if(substr(phpversion(), 0, 1) == 4)
            {
            tidy_setopt('uppercase-attributes', TRUE);
            tidy_setopt('wrap', 800);
            tidy_parse_string($input_string);            
            $cleaned_html = tidy_get_output();  
            }
        # Tidy for PHP version 5
        if(substr(phpversion(), 0, 1) == 5)
            {
            $config = array(
                           'uppercase-attributes' => true,
                           'wrap'                 => 800);
            $tidy = new tidy;
            $tidy->parseString($input_string, $config, 'utf8');
            $tidy->cleanRepair();
            $cleaned_html  = tidy_get_output($tidy);  
            }
        }
    else
        {
        # Tidy not configured for this computer
        $cleaned_html = $input_string;
        }
    return $cleaned_html;
    }